What athe fundamentals of a case control study, give details Presetn Research Paper

What athe fundamentals of a case control study, give details Presetn the stregths and weakness of the approach. Debate with two peers and debate the peers rationale - Research Paper Example The main aim is always to analyze a disease to determine the exposure of the risk factor from the two groups of individuals, which are the cases and controls. A case study is devised for odds estimation. Since a case control study depends on retrospective data, there is a prospect of having recall bias. Recall bias is primarily the propensity of subjects to report events in an approach that is dissimilar between two groups of study. This means that people who are suffering from a disease are more inclined to remember the risk of exposure than those not having the disease (Bonita, 2006). Case control studies have their strengths and weaknesses. Let us start by discussing its strengths. Firstly, they are primarily the most realistic studies for exposing etiology in uncommon diseases. This helps people to understand the presence of new diseases in the community. They are also used in cases of disease outbreaks to understand the nature of the disease whether it is old or new. Furthermore, case control studies use minimal time to be conducted since the disease in study is always present. Lastly, it is an effective method of study since it gives information on new disease that other studies could have failed to find out (Gordis, 2009). However, there are also weaknesses of case control studies. Retrospective studies are predisposed to bias because of the quality of data occasioned by the reliance on memory. Moreover, people with a particular disease are most probably more motivated to recall the exposure of risk factors (recall bias). Secondly, case control studies are not appropriate in the evaluation of diagnostic tests since there is evidence that the cases have the condition whereas the controls do not have it. Still, it is an uphill task to get control groups. They are also restricted to give a single outcome and the incidence rates cannot be calculated. Lastly, case control studies

Asian American Analysis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Asian American Analysis - Article Example Social Needs and Issues According to Sharon Lee: "As many Asian American studies scholars have pointed out, Asian Americans are depicted as model minorities but they are also portrayed as foreigners, disloyal to America," (2008, par 10) Lee further elaborates that: "Dual images of Asian Americans as model minorities, people to be praised and emulated and embraced, and foreign threats, people to be watched, monitored, and distrusted, have long been a part of U.S. history." (2008, par 11) How can Asian American students of the Chinese, Indian and South Korea origin reject these types of stereotypes without hurting their academic record It is nearly impossible. Many Asian American students feel that if they are going to break the stereotype, they should and will fail their classes. This will hopefully, in their minds, put them outside the mold and beyond the stereotype, and perhaps earn the trust of other classmates as well. This is something that a counselor and a school must keep in mind when realizing that Asian American failure rates are going up; a big inspiration for this problem is the desire to "fit in" with other students by "getting out" of their Asian American stereotypes.Another important item to consider is the fact that Asian American families generally want their children to be acculturated but not want them to be assimilated. Most of the parents speak their first language in the homes. Many of the parents are immigrants and may not speak English fluently. Therefore, this can cause concerns as far as fitting in and social norms are concerned. This means that these Asian American students may never feel fully accepted, nor may they ever be able to achieve full acceptance as their culture holds... From this study it is clear that the general stereotypes affect Asian Americans psychologically.   If they are not currently successful students, they may be too frightened to ask for help, thinking they will be rejected because of who they are, or ostracized by those within their own ethnic group.   This causes a threat for Asian American students that are failing, because intervention will be key; counselors must understand that these students will more than likely not ask for help.This paper stresses that  as far as education is concerned, there is a stereotype surrounding Asian Americans that puts quite a bit of pressure on their academic achievement.   Generally, Asian Americans of the Chinese, Indian and South Korean origin. are expected to perform well, and if they do not, they often feel very depressed and are embarrassed to ask for assistance.  Ã‚   According to Kim and Yeh: â€Å"Moreover, dispelling the Asian American universal academic success myth, the Educati onal Testing Service found that twelfth grade students from six major ethnic groups (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, South Asian, and Southeast Asian) had significant variations in their educational backgrounds and achievement†.  ETS also demonstrated how stereotyping has led to the neglect of the development of student services and support for the many Asian American students who are undereducated and have low socioeconomic status†.